Three muscle fiber patterns inside trunks work together to provide the strength, support, and resistance needed to bend and twist with extreme agility.
Nanopillar cones covering cicada wings bond with bacterial membranes, stretching the portion between the cones to the point of rupturing. Light intensity concentrates hormones that alter the water levels in cells causing plants to bend toward the light source.
Skeletal muscles contract and relax, generating force and enabling movement. We use cookies to give you the best browsing experience. By clicking the Accept button you agree to the terms of our privacy policy.
Mouthpart Functions Change. The tongue glossae is trusted into flower, which gets smeared with nectar. Nectar is then squeezed by galeae and is deposited in the cavity formed by the paraglossae. Accumulated nectar is then drawn into oesophagus by the pharyngeal pump. The mouthparts of female mosquito are piercing and sucking type. These types of mouth parts are present in almost all the bloodsucking insects like tse-tse fly, bed bug etc.
Female mosquitoes feed on the blood of warm blood vertebrates. The mouthparts of mosquito are modified for piercing the skin of the vertebrates and then sucking their blood.
The mouthparts include labium, labrum-epipharynx, hypopharynx, mandibles and first maxillae. These mouthparts are characterized by stylets which are long and pointed. The number of stylets varies with different insects. Only maxillary stylets and mandibular stylets are present in bugs, whereas labrum-epipharynx and hypopharynx along with maxillary stylets and mandibular stylets are also present in mosquitoes. Labium: It is a long, flesh, flexible and unpaired structure with groove called labial groove along its mid dorsal side.
It is also called as proboscis. The labium bears a pair of lobes terminally called labella. Labella represent the reduced labial palps. All the other mouthparts like mandibles, first pair of maxillae and hypopharynx are enclosed in the groove of the labium.
Labrum-epipharynx: This is a compound structure formed by the fusion of labrum and epipharynx. Labrum-epipharynx is a stylet that has a ventral groove, which forms the food canal with the hypopharynx.
Hypopharynx: It is a long flat stylet structure that forms the food canal with the labrum-epipharynx for sucking the blood. It also contains the salivary canal that injects saliva into the blood of the warm-blooded vertebrates.
Mandibles: Two mandibles are present each on either side. These are styles with blade like tips. They are useful to make a wound in the skin of the host. There are two first maxillae one on each side. These are the styles that bear serrated tips. Each maxilla bears a maxillary palp. When a female mosquito sits on the host, it presses the proboscis against the skin. The flexible proboscis bends and the mandibles along with maxillae make a wound on the skin of the host.
The labrum-epipharynx and hypopharynx are inserted into the wound. The serrated tips of maxillae keep the wound open. The sucking action of muscles of cibarium and pharyngeal muscles help in sucking the blood through the food canal. The saliva is injected into the blood through hypopharynx. This saliva of mosquito contains haemolysin which prevents the coagulation of blood. This bite of mosquito causes itching and mild inflammation.
And the mosquito thus feeds on the blood of vertebrates. Phylum Arthropoda: Insect mouthparts Butterfly, cockroach, housefly, honey bee, Mosquito Posted on : Posted by : Admin Mouthparts of insects are modified cephalic appendages. The following are the features of the siphoning and sucking mouthparts, Labium is reduced to a triangular plate bearing labial palps. Mandibles and hypopharynx are absent Maxillary palps and labial palps are present in a reduced condition.
The only well-developed structures are galea of the first maxillae. A very few species of caterpillars are carnivores, eating Aphididae or other soft-bodied Insecta. Adults mostly drink nectar or sap. They sometimes feed on mud to get minerals, or on animal dung to get protein that they need.
Some moths in New Zealand detect positive ion accumulation in the atmosphere preceding thunderstorms. Oral secretions in the cocoons of many moths prevent formation of ice crystals because they form a fine, dry, web-like lining.
The mouthparts of a caterpillar and its butterfly serve drastically different functions with minimal energy loss because they arise from the same basic morphological pattern. The scales on moth wings help camouflage them from predatory bats because their uneven shape prevents the bats' sonar from detecting them clearly. The mating apparatus of male butterflies prevents other males from mating with a female by producing a chemical plug.
The wings of butterflies gain lift because their scales point away from the leading edge of the wing, helping air flow smoothly over the wing. Caterpillars of the European moth find new food sources via scent trails exuded from other caterpillars. The two-part proboscis of a butterfly unfurls to form a flexible feeding tube via two half-cylinders that curl over and interlock. Some male moths have no mouthparts in order to conserve energy because their exclusive concern is mating.
The wings of butterflies and moths help them escape spider webs and other predators because they have scales that easily detach. Moths and Butterflies are found all around the world. Some species live only in a small area, but many are found all across a continent. There are more than 12, species of moths and butterflies known just in the U. The butterflies are well known, there are species in Michigan, but the moths are not as well-studied.
There are many small species that are still unknown to science. Biogeographic Regions: nearctic Introduced , Native ; palearctic Introduced , Native ; oriental Native ; ethiopian Native ; neotropical Native ; australian Native ; oceanic islands Introduced , Native. Moths and butterflies usually stay close to the food plants used by their young.
However, there are so many kinds of moths, and they eat so many kinds of plants and plant parts, that different species can be found in almost all land habitats. Moth and butterfly caterpillars are usually found on or near their food. The adults are usually nearby, except for a few species that migrate to avoid harsh climates. Terrestrial Biomes: tundra ; taiga ; desert or dune ; chaparral ; forest ; rainforest ; scrub forest ; mountains.
Most larvae are phytophagous; some eat other insects, a few are ectoparastoids. Most are terrestrial. LepiMAP is the African butterfly and moth mapping project.
Learn more about this citizen science project on SciStarter. Most species live only one year. A few live to two or three years, and some only live for a few months. Most species spend the winter as eggs or pupae, a few winter as caterpillars. Only a handful survive the winter as adults, most adults die when the first hard frosts come. This page is about Moths and Butterflies in general. There is more information about the families of Butterflies on their separate pages.
Because Moths are hard to identify, we are just giving this one page for all Moth species. Some butterflies, including very common species like the Monarch, appear to have only 4 legs. This is not because they have lost two legs. These butterflies come from the family Nymphalidae, or the brush-footed butterflies.
You will only see these legs if you can carefully pry them away from the body with tweezers. These reduced legs have lost their function in this family of butterflies, and are not used for walking. Although it may appear at first glance that butterflies only have two wings, if you have a closer look it becomes obvious that each side of the body has a forewing and a hindwing.
The wings are covered with coloured scales, which are basically tiny flattened hairs that give colour to the wings. Butterfly scales are so small that without a microscope they just look like coloured dust, and they are delicate enough that they will brush right off the wing if they are rubbed. Scales are unique to butterflies and moths, and they come in three varieties: pigmented, diffractive, and androconia. Patterns on the wings can help camouflage the butterfly, warn predators that a butterfly is poisonous, surprise or distract predators with flashy displays, and help a butterfly attract and communicate with other butterflies of its species.
In the case of poisonous butterflies like the Monarch, the wings are also an excellent place for storing toxins though you would have to eat them to get sick. This is where the butterfly processes foods and wastes. Although spiracles may also found on other parts of the body, most of them are located on the abdomen.
All of the important male and female organs involved in reproduction are found in the abdomen, located towards the tip. The abdomen is also where the eggs develop and remain until a female butterfly lays them.
It is worthwhile to note that there is no such thing as a stinging butterfly. Butterflies have no stinging organs or venom in their abdomens, or anywhere else in their bodies.
Butterflies and moths are very closely-related insect groups that make up the Order Lepidoptera. They all use tiny coloured scales to colour and pattern their bodies and wings, and have very similar body plans and life cycles. This is fairly close to reality, since moths make up nearly all species in the Lepidoptera — butterflies are essentially just a very specialized group of day-flying moths, and they make up only a tiny part of the Lepidoptera! Then imagine that one of these groups just one of them!
What would you call this group?
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