Senatus Populusque Romae. Populus purpose "people", the suffix que meaning "and", and Romae characterization "of Rome". This version have the great merit that its English translation is simply the better sounding one, but its historical accuracy is notably dubious. The english translation is used in masses movies and TV series about ancient Rome.
One have to realize that a citizen of Rome was expected to come to blows for the Roman republic. The people of Rome would include women, children, and probably even slaves. All these classes were a member of the Roman people but not citizens of the Roman republic. A free Roman manly who had adjectives the rights and fulfilled his duties, who was competent and willing to be at odds for the republic and the people be a citizen, a member of an restricted, in effect a subgroup inwardly the people.
Therefore, a citizen would originally be call a Quiris - a "spearman". This can also be seen contained by the original denomination of the citizens right: "Ius civile Quiritium". On a trustworthy occasion Julius Caesar subdued a insurrectionary legion by apparently accepting adjectives their demands and then famously address them with: "Quirites" - "citizens" Suetonius: Divus Julius The shocked legionaries cried out, reaffirming their loyalty towards their beloved common.
Perhaps a more accurate modern translation of the original target would be: "The Senate and the Citizens of the People of Rome. It wouldn't be chic Latin, but understood. An online version of the book can be found here. Words written in abbreviated form consist either of the initial letter si n g u la or of a continuous group of letters more or less restricted in number. In the latter case the final letter of the abbreviation is the first consonant of a syllable, but this is not an exact rule.
If a word is composed of several members, the above rule applies either to the word treated as a whole or to each of the component parts regarded as individual words. This in theory is the system of abbreviations up to the end of the third century A. When a disregard of these principles first made itself felt in the formation of abbreviations cannot be exactly determined, but it is probable that ignorance or a misunderstanding of the second rule, combined with a lack of knowledge of the component parts of words as determining the abbreviated forms, led to the violation of the principle of continuity of the letters Pages to provide a list of acronyms, where we can see several adding the Q when the word includes a que suffix, albeit this is not a universal rule.
Examples include:. Maybe there are some further analysis in the book relevant for the question at hand, but don't have the time at the moment. All I can conclude from this however is that "in theory", up until the third century AD the rule was to add Q for que in an acronym. You are looking at this from the modern English tradition of omitting articles like "and" or "of" from acronyms.
The Romans did not necessarily follow the same aesthetics. One reason for this may have been the actual pronunciation of the phrase at the time. They may have emphasized the -que when speaking, perhaps. Plus there is the fact that they did not space their words out separately as we do today.
Maybe the -que suffix started as a separate word but became considered a suffix much later. Sign up to join this community. The best answers are voted up and rise to the top. Stack Overflow for Teams — Collaborate and share knowledge with a private group. Create a free Team What is Teams? Learn more. Ask Question. Asked 4 years, 3 months ago. Active 1 year, 10 months ago. ART covers it all. We get addicted to things in ways that each have pros and cons. In honor of its milestone anniversary, the Savannah, Georgia-based museum welcomes renowned international artists for a diverse program of exhibitions and events.
Assyriologist and associate professor Martin Worthington, who worked on translations for the Marvel movie, created the first film entirely in Babylonian in In her solo exhibition, the artist creates an installation that is many things but unified is not one of them. Sarah E. Bond is associate professor of history at the University of Iowa.
She blogs on antiquity and digital humanities, and is the author of Trade More by Sarah E. I have an old, red old style baseball cap with SPQR embroidered on the front in gold. I wear it mostly when outside for sun protection of my increasing bald spots and I like it as a former Latin teacher.
No one has accused me of being alt right or such. Why use SPQR if he and his many successors are the ultimate authority aka princeps? Even moreso, the people were seemingly on his side as he treated them well enough at least in comparison to the deteriorating Senate.
A type of revival for an obsolete republic turned empire hmm, sound familiar? What do you think? A scam? The far right hijacked the anti-authoritarian punk movement that promoted true egalitarianism into a bigoted, racist husk of its former self.
If anyone scammed the right-wing it was themselves. They have a bad habit of stealing terminologies, trends and campaigns for themselves ie anarchism, libertarianism, etc. Well researched piece Sarah, I learnt a lot, it just goes to show how more recent imaginings of the past effect current mainstream views of the ancient. Although I might add the the eagle used as a Nazi symbol had a historic connection with German Imperial symbolism, via the Holy Roman Empire, which itself used the double headed eagle as a legitimising tool purloined from the Byzantine Empire.
Most interesting and useful, but compromised by an allusion to the Southern Poverty Leadership Conference as a moral authority. That metaphorical ship or bireme sailed long ago. Further, the dismissal of Mary Beard, of all people, for her alleged use of colonialist whatever that means in context language is strange.
If by any chance you spot an inappropriate image within your search results please use this form to let us know, and we'll take care of it shortly. Term » Definition. Word in Definition. Freebase 5. Suggested Resources 4. How to pronounce SPQR? Alex US English. David US English. Mark US English. Daniel British. Libby British. Mia British. Karen Australian. Why is the Q included, as there are only three words? Why isn't it just SPR? Or does SPQR stand for something else?
The enclitic -que was treated much like a word. This is most evident in the way Ovid handles quotes, where -que is outside a quote but the word it's attached to is inside. There are few other ancient abbreviations with -que , if any, so it's difficult to compare. This text is inscribed in full in the temple of Saturn and arch of Titus in Rome.
It's hard to say whether the abbreviation is systematic or an arbitrary choice that happened to stick.
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